Peled fish (raw fish): characteristics, places and habitat conditions, nutrition, spawning, catching and growing

What is a peled fish?

Peled is a lake and river fish that is popular to grow not only naturally, but also artificially. On average, the length of the fish reaches about 40-55 centimeters with a weight of 2-3 kilograms, sometimes the body weight can be 4-5 kilograms. The lifespan of cheese is 8-11 years.

The peled has a laterally compressed body and is silver in color. A clear distinguishing feature is a clearly visible dark gray stripe on the body. There are black dots on the head and dorsal fin. It has a terminal mouth, many gill rakers and a longer upper jaw. The peled is characterized by the presence of an adipose fin located between the dorsal and caudal fin. The body of the fish is densely covered with scales.

There are three forms of peled:

River fast-growing . Found in floodplain rivers and lakes. Matures by the third year of life.
Lake dwarf . The fish got its small size due to its habitat in small lakes.
Lake common . It does not leave its habitat, it is always where it has settled.

Peled's competitors include juveniles of other whitefish, vendace and tugun. Natural enemies of fish are pike, burbot and other species of fish that eat eggs.

Description of peled fish

The color of the peled is somewhat darker than that of its whitefish counterparts.
Beginner fishermen will have a hard time distinguishing this whitefish hybrid from the rest. Peled (cheese) is a river-lake fish, belongs to the salmon family, the genus whitefish. Adults reach half a meter in length and weigh from 3 to 5 kg. The average lifespan of peled is 8-11 years. The color of the sides is silver, the back is dark gray, unlike other whitefish, whose back is lighter. But, like other whitefish, the head and dorsal fin are decorated with black dots.

The main difference from whitefish is the shape of the jaws and the number of gill rakers. The peled has an upper jaw slightly longer than the lower jaw, and more gill rakers. The peled's head is small compared to its body. A hill rises from the head to the upper fin, giving the appearance of a humpback and making the body high, the body compressed from the sides. There is a small adipose fin between the tail and the upper dorsal fin.

Peled caviar

There are several forms of peled fish that have developed as a result of exposure to habitat conditions. Fast-growing forms live in rivers, maturing already in the 3rd year of life. The lakes are dominated by regular-shaped peleds. Lake dwarf forms are localized in small lakes. Due to restrictions in food, they do not gain even half a kilo of weight; they look like a trifle compared to their river brothers.

Peled spawning occurs in autumn and early winter when rivers freeze. One individual produces from 5 to 85 thousand eggs. The eggs are small, up to 1.5 mm in diameter. The fry develop into adults quickly within 6-7 months. During the period of growth in rivers and lakes, they are threatened by predatory fish and natural enemies - pike, burbot, perch.

Peled feeds on mollusks, crustaceans, eggs and larvae of insects and other simple organisms called plankton. Adults do not disdain juveniles of other fish species. During spawning, the fish eats almost nothing.

Where does it live and what conditions are required?

Peled is found in fresh water bodies of Eurasia, in rivers and lakes stretching from Karelia to Kolyma. Fish do not go out to sea, into salt water. Peleds spawn in lakes. Does not prefer water with fast currents. It also lives most of its time in lakes. Due to these characteristics of peled, it is bred over a large area, mainly in the northwestern part of Russia.

But some varieties of cheese live in the running water of northern rivers. Peleds prefer to stay in schools, avoiding dense underwater vegetation. If at a young age an individual is distinguished by its strength, it usually leaves the flock in the summer and settles in the depths. Very young specimens have a different habitat style: they settle in coastal waters and swim in places inhabited by vegetation. After the ice melts in the spring, river fish tend to get into floodplain lakes, where they will be able to recover, gain strength and get plenty of food.

In addition, she tries to find herself in tributaries or oxbow lakes, where a lot of food for peled accumulates by spring. As soon as the flood subsides, the peled tries to leave such reservoirs and return to the rivers.

Habitats

It inhabits fresh water bodies of Eurasia. Swallow is widespread in rivers and lakes from Karelia to Kolyma. This fish does not go into the sea or salt water. This fish spawns in lakes. It usually does not like to spawn and avoids flowing water. Prefers to spend most of its time in lakes.

These features of peled contribute to the fact that it is actively bred over a large area.

This is mainly done in the northwestern part of our country. However, it should be noted that some species of peled still prefer to live in the running water of northern rivers. This fish lives in schools. The fish tries to avoid dense underwater vegetation.

If an individual is young and strong, then it usually leaves the school in the summer and tries to stay in the depths. Very young individuals prefer a completely different living style: they go to coastal waters and swim in places where there is no vegetation.

As soon as the rivers open up in the spring, during high water these fish from the rivers strive to get into the calmer waters of floodplain lakes in order to gain strength and feed.

In addition, she tries to get into tributaries, as well as into oxbow lakes, where by this time quite a lot of food for her accumulates. As soon as the flood subsides, the pelt leaves such reservoirs and returns to the rivers.

The site has a large number of articles about different types of fish. Take a look at the article where you will find out the habitats of mackerel fish.

What does a peled eat?

The main diet of the cheese is zooplankton and crustaceans. This makes catching peled much more difficult: it will rarely attack bait that is familiar to other representatives of the ichthyofauna. Peled can be caught at any time of the year. In order to find a place where fish feed, they pay attention to specific circles and splashes on the surface of the water surface.

Peled can also use maggots, worms, mosquitoes, bloodworms, mollusks, amphipods, and gammarids as food. For this reason, in the summer, fishermen use the jigless method for fishing.

Winter fishing

You can catch peled in winter using the most ordinary winter fishing rod equipped with high-quality monofilament fishing line with a diameter of 0.2 mm. There is no need to use expensive fishing tools, and even a beginner with minimal knowledge in this area can catch prey.

Taking into account the specifics of ice fishing for peled, where hunting is carried out at depth, it is advisable to equip the tackle with additional weight (buckshot). Such a sinker must be fixed on the equipment at a distance of 60-70 cm from the bait. During the fishing process, it is recommended to set the length of the fishing thread as follows: the bait should be at a distance of 15-30 cm from the bottom surface.

When choosing promising places, you need to remember that the object of fishing is a schooling fish and bypasses places with currents and dense grassy vegetation. It is better to catch it in the water column. If you use live bait for winter fishing for schooling whitefish, then it is recommended to add small pieces of red foam rubber to it, which will increase the chances of a quality bite.

As catching baits, you can use classic versions of jigs: pellets, diamonds, pyramids, droplets. It is recommended to experiment with baits on each specific body of water to determine the most effective performance.

Having decided on a promising location and taking measures to darken the hole, you can begin fishing. In order not to scare away the fish at the very beginning of fishing, it is recommended to place only part of the bait on the hook. A pre-specific place must be fed. This applies only to ice fishing; in summer, bait mixtures are not used to lure cheese.

It is necessary to lower the nozzle into the reservoir as quickly as possible, but it is better to take it out slowly, without rushing. This type of game is best able to attract the attention of the fish and provoke it to grab the bait. Curd bites are characterized by assertiveness and strong sharpness, so the angler must be extremely attentive and ready to immediately make a confident hook. The fishing object, when swallowing its prey, tends to immediately go to depth. When playing, the fish exhibits strong resistance; it is advisable to catch it together.

Curd bites most often occur on the rise and with a measured action of the bait. If the fish has already tried the bait once, then you should not expect a second approach; it is recommended to replace the bait. Winter peled fishing, if you follow all the proposed recommendations, will become not only accessible, but also quite an exciting activity even for novice fishermen. The main thing is to prepare all the necessary components of equipment and choose the right promising fishing location. And always remember to take precautions.

Spawning of cheese

The spawning process of peled occurs in the autumn season, when freeze-up begins or ends, in September-December. As spawning grounds, fish choose places covered with pebbles and with a spring outlet. For normal reproduction, fish require cold water; its temperature should not exceed 8 degrees. More often, spawning occurs at temperatures closer to 0 degrees.

Peled is capable of laying more than a couple of tens of thousands of eggs, with a diameter of about 1.5 millimeters.

The hatched larvae gradually grow and are no longer considered fry when they reach 6-7 months of age. In rivers, fish mature a little slower; they mature at 3-8 years. But lake representatives mature much earlier - by 2-3 years. It all depends on the nutrition of the fish; the better it is, the faster the peled will reproduce, and spawning will take place every year or with a break of 12 months.

Carp fishing with a float rod

Syrok, or as it is otherwise called peled, belongs to the whitefish family and is distributed in the west from the Mezen River to Kalyma in the east.
The peled is medium in size and has the usual coloring for whitefish. The back of the fish has a dark back, silvery sides and a light belly. The body is covered with small dark spots. The bone of the upper jaw is extended beyond the vertical line of the anterior edge of the eyes. It has a tall body structure, slightly flattened on the sides. Peled fishing takes place in rivers and lakes, where it lives. The largest population of peled lives in the Ob River, where it received the local name - syrok. Typically, peled spawn in the Middle Ob and tributaries of the Ural rivers, making quite long migrations for this.

As a commercial fish, peled is caught no further than the Tom River. Quite large populations of peled also live in some lakes. Also, in many lakes and even in some reservoirs, peled are artificially reared. The size of the peled can reach 55 cm in length and weight up to 2.8 kg. The northern lake peled is larger and can gain weight up to 5 kg.

Many reservoirs are inhabited by a population of dwarf peled, whose weight does not exceed 0.6 kg. River peled usually matures at the age of 6 years and at this time begins to participate in the spawning process. The maximum lifespan of peled under natural conditions is up to 13 years. Under artificial breeding conditions, it can live up to 10 years.

In order for peled fishing to be successful, you need to know its lifestyle. This fish spends considerable time in migrations. The diet mainly includes zooplankton. Its growth and onset of puberty largely depends on nutrition. As a rule, peled matures at the age of six, less often at the age of five.

If there is a good food supply, then peled maturation can occur at 3 years. This fish spawns when the temperature drops below 8 degrees. For spawning it chooses a sandy-pebble or pebble bottom. Peled (cheese) is a schooling fish that avoids places where there is a lot of aquatic vegetation.

In summer, larger individuals in reservoirs and lakes prefer not to stay in a school, but go to deeper places in the reservoir. Young individuals prefer to stay in a flock in the coastal zone, where there is no dense aquatic vegetation. When the rivers have just opened up, peled from the rivers rush to floodplain lakes to feed well, and they also go to tributaries and oxbow lakes where there is also a lot of food for them.

The water level during a flood determines the feeding time of the cheese. When the water returns to its constant level. Peled leave their feeding grounds and return to their native reservoirs. This fish is very shy and therefore fishing for peled requires caution and silence. This means that when fishing for cheese in the summer, you must camouflage yourself in the coastal vegetation; some people use camouflage suits for hunting when fishing.

Casting a tackle with a nozzle should be done as far as possible from the shore, and in winter, move away from the hole at least 1 meter and behave very quietly. Quite often, peled reveals itself when small circles appear on the surface of the water surface and splashes are heard. It is the peled that moves in the upper layers of the water and catches midges, mosquitoes and other small insects.

When fishing for peled, worms, bloodworms, and shellfish meat are used as bait for float rods and bottoms; cheese is caught reluctantly with maggots, but sometimes it happens. Apart from maggots, it doesn’t react to any other bait. Fishing for peled in winter is usually done with a jig. During summer fishing for peled, the bait should be cast at least 5-10 meters from the shore, and ice fishing should be carried out in a darkened hole.

Peled likes to move in the water column, which means the bait must be kept above the bottom from 70 cm to 1 m. During winter fishing for peled closer to spring, a handful of frozen amphipod (mormysh) and then a couple of handfuls of dried amphipod are poured into the holes as complementary food amphipod. At this time, the peled will approach almost the very surface and grab the bait with its mouth.

During this period, its most active biting occurs. Around the hole you need to cover the ice with snow 1-2 meters deep. The bait usually drops into the hole no lower than 5-6 cm, from the lower ice level. But there are periods when peled begins to take well from the bottom. If the fish does not bite in the upper layers of water, you should definitely fish both the middle and lower water levels.

You can catch peled on a float rod, fly fishing or on a donkey; for equipping a fishing rod, a fishing line of 0.2-0.25 mm and a hook No. 4-5 are best suited... Biting a peled feels like a blow to the fishing line and it is quite difficult to fish out a large peled and this process may take a long time. On the Volga, fishing for peled is carried out using gear called a brad.

This is a meter-long rod the thickness of a meson finger, to which a fishing line 2.5-4 m long is tied, 2-3 leashes are attached to the fishing line. The tackle is not equipped with a float and sinker. Then they go into the water and begin to stir up the bottom with their feet. From afar, the peled notices the path of mud formed in this way and heads towards it in the hope of profiting from something.

It also happens: A boat for catching fish with your own hands

Experienced fishermen who often use this type of tackle advise keeping it placed next to the leg, so that the tip is at the bottom, and the butt in the hand. Periodically, the tackle must be released from you and then pulled back. At short intervals of 10-15 minutes, you need to go upstream several steps. Often such gear and such tactics for catching peled bring good catches.

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Peled is one of the types of whitefish; people often call this whitefish “cheese fish”. This species of whitefish usually lives in both rivers and lakes, mainly in the North of European Russia and Siberia. However, most often fishing for cheese takes place in lakes, and lakes are the main home of this fish. Large populations of peled live in lakes and rivers of the Kola Peninsula, in the north of the Tyumen region, in taiga Siberian lakes and rivers.

No matter how strange it may be, for some reason many anglers believe that fishing for peled is only possible in the summer. And winter fishing for whitefish is a very troublesome task, and they don’t even try to catch this whitefish in winter. However, this is not true. You just need to learn a few nuances and you can quite successfully catch peled in winter.

The length of peled can reach 50 cm, and its weight up to 3 kg. And in the northern lakes the cheese reaches even larger sizes and masses. Its length can sometimes reach 70 cm and weight 5 kg. However, most lakes and rivers are predominantly inhabited by the dwarf form of this whitefish; generally, the weight of such peled ranges from 0.4-0.6 kg.

Tackle for winter fishing

Gear for catching peled will cost the fisherman a fairly small amount, so that there will not be large material costs on this side. This fish does not require an exclusive approach, and if you are not a beginner in fishing, but have good experience, then you will probably find everything you need in your fishing arsenal.

So, for winter peled fishing to be successful, you will need an ordinary winter fish. The fishing rod must be equipped with a monofilament line with a diameter of 0.2 mm. Standard jigs, which can be easily purchased at any fishing store, are quite suitable as bait; first of all, it can be a shot, a diamond, a pyramid, or a drop. What is best for catching cheese in a particular body of water can be established experimentally.

However, if fishing for cheese in winter is supposed to be at great depths, then the tackle should be equipped with an additional sinker (buckshot). Such a load should be secured to the rig at a distance of 60-70 cm from the bait. When fishing, the length of the fishing line should be set so that in its lower position the bait is at a distance of 15-30 cm from the bottom.

When fishing for peled, you must remember that this is a schooling whitefish; it does not particularly favor places where there is a current, as well as places with dense grassy vegetation. As a rule, the cheese mainly tries to stay in the water column and only occasionally can sink to the bottom or float to the surface of the water.

Peled is unpretentious to food and is not capricious, so fishing for peled in winter is possible with baits such as amphipods, bloodworms, meat of various mollusks, and in some cases, peled bites well on dough. Also, do not forget that the cheese is a rather shy fish, and during ice fishing, it is recommended to darken the holes as reliably as possible with snow, and the angler himself should move away from it as far as possible without interfering with the fishing process.

Problems with darkening the hole; in some cases, a fishing tent or booth made of wood or plywood can help. You also need to know that the cheese is one of those fish that, regardless of the season, always prefers to attack the bait while moving. Peled also has a very assertive and powerful bite.

It also happens: Pink salmon fishing method

Catching cheese from ice is notable for the fact that you can easily adapt to the bites of this fish. Most often, the peled grabs the bait on the rise; the play of the jig should be quite measured. Throughout the cold season, winter peled fishing occurs at fairly large depths.

Is the fish opisthorchiasis?

Not everyone tends to think about what danger may await fish lovers after a river catch. Almost 90% of fish are infected with opisthorchiasis worms. Fish with helminth larvae are caught in rivers such as the Volga, Ural, Ob, Irtysh, Dnieper, and Northern Dvina.

There is a widespread belief that disease carriers are exclusively fish of the carp family. Previously it was believed that peled had nothing in common with worms. But it is not so.

Carp fish are considered the leaders in the area of infection, but at the same time, other fish species that prefer cold water can also become infected. Opisthorchiasis can take root in the body of many fish, in this case peled is no exception. Over the past few years, opisthorchiasis pathogens have been repeatedly discovered in this whitefish species. For this reason, it is especially dangerous to eat fish, because there is a risk of infection with worms.

The presence of worms in peled depends on where the peled lives. Previously, opisthorchiasis settled in mollusks and fish of the carp family. The cheese may become infected if it stays in the same water with cyprinids.

Peled is a predatory fish that eats shellfish and other fish, which is why it becomes a source of infection for others. The eggs of the worms penetrate the body of the cheese along with the eaten specimens, where maturation and further development occur.

It is easy to identify the parasite by examining the insides of a fish carcass. Worm larvae look like atypical formations in the form of whitish rice grains. Seeing this, there is no point in doubting that the cheese is infected with worms. When eating infected fish, the worms settle in the human liver and gall bladder, where they actively begin to lay eggs.

All about fishing for peled

The fish is less demanding on the saturation of water with oxygen, therefore it often stays in bays and channels. The fish has another name - cheese. In general, this type of whitefish can be called lake. There are no subspecies, but river and lake biological forms are distinguished. Maximum sizes up to 3 kg. The species easily adapts to new bodies of water. Settled in many places. In nature, slow-growing forms can form.

Peled have been acclimatized in many water bodies in Europe and Asia. They are bred on an industrial scale, including for recreational fishing. For fishing, both float and bottom fishing rods are used, as well as gear for fishing with artificial bait: dry flies and nymphs, including fly fishing. Peled is excellently caught in winter using winter fishing rods.

As mentioned above, this fish is very shy. Therefore it is recommended. So that the fisherman hides in the bushes while fishing so as not to scare away his prey.

Another common option is to use a camouflage robe. This is necessary so that the fish, looking from the water column, cannot distinguish the fisherman from the grass surrounding him. This feature of the fish dictates other things for successful fishing. In particular, you need to throw the hook as far as possible.

Now let's talk about bait. In summer, an effective bait can be a common earthworm. Shellfish meat or bloodworm are also suitable. You shouldn’t completely give up fishing with maggots, but this bait is less effective than those mentioned earlier. You need to keep the hook approximately in the middle of the water column.

The favorite depth of peled habitat is a distance from the bottom from 70 to 150 centimeters. This fish is usually caught in the summer, but can also be successfully caught during the winter. However, many do not know how to do this correctly.

In this case, fishing occurs through a hole, however, the timidity of this fish in winter is also very high. Therefore, when fishing, it is necessary to move away from the hole so much that there is no risk that the fisherman will see the fish and get scared.

In winter, live bait is usually not used. In such a situation, it will be effective to use a jig for this. There is one more trick that will help increase the efficiency of fishing. The fish will bite better if you use a special, darkened hole. This is done quite simply.

To do this, you need to make rollers of snow around the hole so that their shadow completely darkens the water of the hole. It is best when the height of such a roller is at least one meter.

Once March approaches, it will be effective to start feeding. Amphipods or jigs are best suited for this. By pouring food into the hole, you will be able to attract the chicks closer. Then there will be an active bite.

In this case, the bait should be kept no deeper than five to six centimeters from the lower edge of the ice. If, despite all efforts, the fish does not bite under the very ice, it must be caught at medium depths and at the very bottom.

In summer, clam meat or bloodworms can be a good bait. But just like mullet, they bite on earthworms and maggots. However, the latter, as practice has shown, is much less effective compared to the other options mentioned. In winter, when fishing, a jig is usually used as bait.

She has some dietary peculiarities. If she lacks her usual food in the form of zooplankton or crustaceans, then she is able to switch to a different diet.

We are talking about benthic organisms (or a set of benthic organisms). This, in turn, leads to the fact that sometimes the usual baits for other fish, for some time, cease to attract it.

Tackle for peled

Both in winter and in summer it is caught with the most ordinary float rod. It is also a very effective option to fish with donkey or fly fishing. If the question arises about which fishing line is best to use for such fishing, we note that experienced fishermen recommend a fishing line from 0.20 to 0.22 millimeters.

The hook for this type of fishing is number four or number five. The peled bite resembles a sharp jerk. If you come across a large specimen, it will be quite difficult to catch such a fish.

Swallowing is also common on the Volga. To catch peled, they use a special tackle - a bridle. It is a simple meter-long rod. A fishing line is tied to it with a length of two and a half to four meters.

Usually they are not caught with only one leash. As a rule, two or three leashes are used during fishing. It is worth noting that neither a float nor a sinker is used in the process.

However, she won’t be able to find anything interesting here. Once convinced of this, she will notice the bait and grab it. You can't hook the fish too hard. She might break down. This is due to the fact that she has weak lips.

If you strike sharply, they can break and the hook will come off. But, despite this, it is necessary to cut, although carefully, but sharply. A large specimen is capable of dragging a fishing line for a long time until it can be pulled out.

Usually, experienced fishermen advise holding this tackle in a special way. They place it on the bottom near the leg, holding it by the upper part.

Since the current will gradually carry the bait down, it needs to be pulled back occasionally. After 10 - 15 minutes of such fishing, it is recommended to go up a couple of steps upstream and repeat the above steps.

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Bait is used, as a rule, at the end of winter, when it is especially difficult for fish to survive. At this time, through a hole in the ice, it is fed with amphipods or jigsaw. Fishing is done at a depth of several centimeters below the ice. At other times of the year, bait is usually not used for this fish.

This fish is caught throughout the year. Most often it is caught in the summer. But in winter it also bites well. This fish has the peculiarity that it tolerates the lack of oxygen in the water well.

This allows her to feel quite good throughout the winter. She has a period that comes just before the end of winter. At this time, reservoirs are poor in food and any feeding will be very attractive for peled. In this situation, it will go right under the ice and can become easy prey for a fisherman.

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Fishing Features

Fishing for peled can be challenging. In the absence of plankton, the fish will feed on bottom organisms, which is why they will not attack standard baits. The fish does not like sharp hooking, because this leads to the fact that its weak lips are torn. Sharp fishing ends with the fish going into the depths.

Fishing time

They catch fish when there is no spawning. The fish has an excellent feature - it calmly tolerates the lack of oxygen in the water, which allows it to feel better throughout the winter. In the period just before the end of winter, reservoirs are poor in food and any feeding will be attractive for peled. In such a situation, it will swim right under the ice, making it an easy prey for a fisherman.

Tackle

Peled is a shy fish, and it is better to catch it in complete silence. It is permissible to go fishing at any time of the year, except for spawning. A splash in the water and special circles will help you find its habitat. For winter fishing, it is recommended to use a regular fishing rod, and in the summer, a float fishing rod without a sinker is considered effective.

To catch peled, it is better to use a fishing line with a thickness of 0.2-0.22 mm. You need to choose a hook number 4 or 5. The fish bite resembles a sharp jerk. If you come across a large specimen, it will be difficult to fish it out.

To catch peled on the Volga, it is advisable to have a catch with you - a simple meter-long rod. A fishing line 2.5-4 meters long is tied to it. During the fishing process, several selections are used. The beginning of fishing begins with the fisherman going to the depths and trying to make the water muddy, because peled are especially attracted to muddy water. She strives for a cloudy cloud, hoping for good prey. She will notice the bait and grab it. It is necessary to hook very carefully, but at the same time sharply, although this may result in loss of the catch.

A large peled is capable of dragging a fishing line for a long time, until the fisherman makes every effort to pull the fish out. Experienced fishermen place the tackle on the bottom, at their feet, holding the upper part. The current will gradually carry the bait down, which is why it sometimes needs to be pulled back. After 10-15 minutes of this type of fishing, they go up a couple of steps upstream and repeat the technique.

Bait

In summer, fishermen use an ordinary earthworm, clam or bloodworm as bait. It is acceptable to try to catch a peled using maggots, but this bait, unlike the previous options, is less effective. The hook is held approximately in the middle of the water column. The favorite depth of peled is considered to be a distance from the bottom of about 70-150 centimeters.

In winter, do not use live bait. In such a situation, it is best to use a jig.

You can increase your chances of catching peled in another way: use a special, shaded hole. This is done quite simply. Rollers are made of snow around the hole so that their shadow completely obscures the water of the hole. The height of such a roller should be about 1 meter. The bait is kept no deeper than 5-6 centimeters from the bottom edge of the ice. If the fish does not bite, it is recommended to catch it at medium depths and near the ice.

Necessary gear

Catch of peled
Both in winter and in summer it is caught on the most ordinary float rod. It is also a very effective option to fish with donkey or fly fishing. If the question arises about which fishing line is best to use for such fishing, we note that experienced fishermen recommend a fishing line from 0.20 to 0.22 millimeters.

The hook for this type of fishing is number four or number five. The peled bite resembles a sharp jerk. If you come across a large specimen, it will be quite difficult to catch such a fish. Swallowing is also common on the Volga. To catch peled, they use a special tackle - a bridle. It is a simple meter-long rod. A fishing line is tied to it with a length of two and a half to four meters.

To start fishing, they go deep and try to muddy the water. Strange, but this dregs is very effective in attracting pelts. She rushes towards the cloud of turbidity, apparently hoping to profit from something here. However, she won’t be able to find anything interesting here. Once convinced of this, she will notice the bait and grab it. You can't hook the fish too hard. She might break down. This is due to the fact that she has weak lips.

If you strike sharply, they can break and the hook will come off. But, despite this, it is necessary to cut, albeit carefully, but sharply. A large specimen is capable of dragging a fishing line for a long time until it can be pulled out. Usually, experienced fishermen advise holding this tackle in a special way. They place it on the bottom near the leg, holding it by the upper part.

Is it possible to breed and grow fish?

It is possible to increase the profitability of a fish farming business by breeding peled together with carp. In addition to increasing the productivity of the reservoir, this method contributes to the excellent prevention of helminthiasis in other fish, because peled are prone to eating copepods, which are an important intermediate link in the development cycle of parasites.

Breeding and growing fish occurs in stages:

The first stage consists of pre-prepared broodstock from which the eggs are obtained. To do this, the best females and males are selected, released into small ponds, from where they are later caught. In November, the fish are placed in separate flowing ponds indoors for the purpose of ripening. The volume of the ponds must be at least 70 cubic meters and have an elongated shape. In order for the fish to feel comfortable in them, the water is updated regularly - every 8 hours. It is permissible to admit no more than 1,500 breeding individuals into one pond.
The second stage is that ready-made breeders are sent in groups of 250 individuals to small pools, where the caviar is selected. Usually males are “used” several times with breaks of 2-3 days. Fertilized eggs are sent to an incubator - this will provide the embryos with an optimal level of oxygen saturation. Depending on the temperature, the incubation period lasts 123-145 days. At this time, it is necessary to carry out preventive washing of the caviar using special solutions. After the larvae emerge, they are sent to cages. After a week they are ready to actively feed.
The third stage begins with the release of the fry into the fingerling pond, where they grow together with the carp. Planting density is carried out at the rate of 20-25 thousand larvae per 1 hectare. It is optimal if the depth of the pond is no more than 3 meters and the area is 15-20 hectares. In this case, the amount of silt at the bottom of the reservoir does not matter, because the peled leaves it along with the drained water. Ponds with young animals do not require filtration for two months. Only when fish reach this age is it necessary to create flow in the reservoir.

Although peled can feel normal in warm water, it is still better to keep it in a body of water where the water temperature does not exceed 22 degrees. The cheese is caught when the mark drops to 5 degrees or below.

Today, the survival rate of peled is about 50%, due to which about 2 centners of fish are obtained from 1 hectare with an average weight of fingerlings of about 20-25 grams.

Fingerlings of peled often overwinter in wintering quarters of carp fish, and the oxygen content should be at least 5 mg/l. The planting rate for peled fingerlings per 1 hectare is up to 120 thousand. In recent years, fish farmers have been building wintering complexes for peled fingerlings, which are “greenhouse” pools that are buried 2 meters into the ground.

Regarding the period of catching fish for further sale, it is difficult to answer unambiguously. In the natural environment, the weight of a three-year-old peled is 200-350 grams, a four-year-old fish is 300-600 grams, and a five-year-old fish is 500-700 grams. Selling fish at two years of age will be more profitable.

Fishing

As mentioned above, this fish is very shy. Therefore it is recommended. So that the fisherman hides in the bushes while fishing so as not to scare away his prey.

The favorite depth of peled habitat is a distance from the bottom from 70 to 150 centimeters . This fish is usually caught in the summer, but can also be successfully caught during the winter. However, many do not know how to do this correctly.

In this case, fishing occurs through a hole, however, the timidity of this fish in winter is also very high. Therefore, when fishing, it is necessary to move away from the hole so much that there is no risk that the fisherman will see the fish and get scared.

To do this, you need to make rollers of snow around the hole so that their shadow completely darkens the water of the hole. It is best when the height of such a roller is at least one meter.

Once March approaches, it will be effective to start feeding. Amphipods or jigs are best suited for this. By pouring food into the hole, you will be able to attract the chicks closer. Then there will be an active bite.

What's the hook for pecking?

She has some dietary peculiarities. If she lacks her usual food in the form of zooplankton or crustaceans, then she is able to switch to a different diet.

We are talking about benthic organisms (or a set of benthic organisms). This, in turn, leads to the fact that sometimes the usual baits for other fish, for some time, cease to attract it.

Tackle for peled

Both in winter and in summer it is caught with the most ordinary float rod. It is also a very effective option to fish with donkey or fly fishing. If the question arises about which fishing line is best to use for such fishing, we note that experienced fishermen recommend a fishing line from 0.20 to 0.22 millimeters.

The hook for this type of fishing is number four or number five. The peled bite resembles a sharp jerk. If you come across a large specimen, it will be quite difficult to catch such a fish.

Usually they are not caught with only one leash. As a rule, two or three leashes are used during fishing. It is worth noting that neither a float nor a sinker is used in the process.

If you strike sharply, they can break and the hook will come off. But, despite this, it is necessary to cut, although carefully, but sharply. A large specimen is capable of dragging a fishing line for a long time until it can be pulled out.

Usually, experienced fishermen advise holding this tackle in a special way. They place it on the bottom near the leg, holding it by the upper part.

Peed bait

Bait is used, as a rule, at the end of winter, when it is especially difficult for fish to survive. At this time, through a hole in the ice, it is fed with amphipods or mormysh . Fishing is done at a depth of several centimeters below the ice. At other times of the year, bait is usually not used for this fish.

Best time to fish

This fish is caught throughout the year. Most often it is caught in the summer . But in winter it also bites well. This fish has the peculiarity that it tolerates the lack of oxygen in the water well.

This allows her to feel quite good throughout the winter. She has a period that comes just before the end of winter. At this time, reservoirs are poor in food and any feeding will be very attractive for peled. In this situation, it will go right under the ice and can become easy prey for a fisherman.

Survival and fish productivity

In the first summer of life in ponds, the survival rate of peled is 80% of the number of planted larvae, in the second year 80-90% in rivers, 60% in lakes of the number of planted fingerlings. When the peled reaches three years of age, its growth slows down, which is why it is caught from lakes. Unlike other whitefish, peled is undemanding to the level of oxygen in water, due to which it can withstand water temperatures of about 0 degrees.

The fertility of a two-year-old cheese grown in a pond weighing 350 grams is 15 thousand eggs, and weighing 500 grams is 200 thousand eggs per one female peled.

The productivity of fish in shallow lakes when grown together with carp is about 100-120 kilograms per 1 hectare, in ponds - up to 250 kilograms per 1 hectare. It is recommended to grow peled in large ponds, where the total area reaches at least 100 hectares.

Winter peled fishing

Peled, also called “cheese,” is a prominent representative of the salmon family, living in rivers and lakes. Its body length can be 55 cm and its weight is about 2.8 kg. But there are also larger specimens weighing up to 5 kg (northern lake peled). The fish is actively bred in fisheries and used in the food industry.

Peled is a rather difficult object to catch; the process of catching it is made difficult by the timidity and increased caution of the fish.

Due to the fish’s unpretentiousness to living conditions (in particular, to the level of oxygen in water), it tolerates oxygen deficiency well and is active even in winter. Fishing throughout the cold season is carried out at great depths; only at the end of February certain changes in the behavior of whitefish begin to appear. The peled rises right under the ice and becomes easily accessible prey for the fisherman.

To make fishing as effective as possible, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

maintain silence in the fishing area;
fill the space around the hole with snow at a distance of 2 m (darken the hole), you can put up a fishing tent, a house made of plywood or wood;
use bait from live, dried or frozen mormysh (amphip crustacean).

If no bites are observed in the water column for a long time, it is worth lowering the gear to depth.

The hole should be darkened, you can put up a fishing tent, a house made of plywood or wood

You can catch peled in winter using the most ordinary winter fishing rod equipped with high-quality monofilament fishing line with a diameter of 0.2 mm. There is no need to use expensive fishing tools, and even a beginner with minimal knowledge in this area can catch prey.

Peled is an unpretentious eater and can be attracted by baits such as:

amphipod;
bloodworm;
maggot;
worms;
meat of various shellfish;
dough.

For information! If you use live bait for winter fishing for schooling whitefish, then it is recommended to add small pieces of red foam rubber to it, which will increase the chances of a quality bite.

Peled

How to catch

Having decided on a promising location and taking measures to darken the hole, you can begin fishing. In order not to scare away the fish at the very beginning of fishing, it is recommended to place only part of the bait on the hook. A pre-specific place must be fed. This applies only to ice fishing; in summer, bait mixtures are not used to lure cheese.

Important! Peled are quite well attracted by moving baits.

It also happens: Fishing with float tackle

Curd bites are characterized by assertiveness and strong sharpness, so the angler must be extremely attentive and ready to immediately make a confident hook. The fishing object, when swallowing its prey, tends to immediately go to depth. When playing, the fish exhibits strong resistance; it is advisable to catch it together.

Winter peled fishing, if you follow all the proposed recommendations, will become not only accessible, but also quite an exciting activity even for novice fishermen. The main thing is to prepare all the necessary components of equipment and choose the right promising fishing location. And always remember to take precautions.

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The benefits and harms of fish

Consumption of peled as food has a beneficial effect on the human body. It contains many micro- and macroelements that promote cell restoration and normalize the functioning of the nervous system. Peled meat is rich in chromium, which is necessary to maintain optimal blood sugar levels.

By regularly including fish in your diet, you will be able to normalize sleep and get rid of depression and irritability. Fish helps eliminate constipation and bad breath. Fish meat contains substances that help make the skin firm and elastic.

By consuming fish several times a week, your concentration will improve and chronic fatigue will disappear. Also, cheese is a product that has a beneficial effect on the digestive system, eliminates cramps and pain in the stomach. Peled is rich in potassium, which normalizes the functioning of the heart muscle, and the presence of phosphorus optimizes the functioning of the reproductive system, especially in women.

Peled is an excellent preventative against atherosclerosis and helps reduce cholesterol levels. The calorie content of 100 grams of peled meat is only 126 calories; fish is included in the diet when following a diet.

Despite many beneficial properties, fish should not be consumed in certain cases:

Peled that has not passed sanitary control or was caught in polluted waters may be infected with opisthorchiasis worms.
With frequent consumption, more than 4 times a week, an allergic reaction may develop, which will provoke rashes on the body, cause heaviness in the stomach, and sometimes nausea.
Fish is not suitable for consumption by children under 1 year of age.

But this does not mean that fish is generally prohibited from being consumed. In any case, you need to be careful and monitor your well-being.

The peled fish is considered a valuable commercial species. Fishing for “fun” fish becomes interesting and exciting, because hunting for individuals of the whitefish family is not as easy as it seems at first glance. But catching a large specimen is a real success for the fisherman.

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Peled fishing

Catching peled is not such a simple matter, but it is very interesting. The peculiarities of this fish will create difficulties for the fisherman, which will be entertaining to overcome. Difficulties in catching peled:

In addition to plankton, peled feed on living organisms that are abundantly available at the bottom of reservoirs. For this reason, it is not attracted to regular baits;
You can't catch a fish with a sharp hook. She has weak lips, which tear when hooked and the fish literally leaves her hands;
Peled is shy, and you need to catch it in complete silence, hide in the bushes and use camouflage;
The fish avoids places with clear water, preferring muddy waters;
When biting a large individual, there will be a problem with fishing. Peled is capable of trailing a fishing line for a long time. In such cases, you need to be creative. Place the tackle on the bottom, grab the line and slowly pull it up, holding the rod by the upper part.

Fishing in the summer

You can catch peled all year round, but summer fishing is preferable.
It is more convenient to find a place for fishing by a splash in the water and peculiar circles. Fishing with a float rod without a sinker is the best way. It is convenient to catch peled by fly fishing with a rod up to 5 m. Gill nets and seines are successfully used. It is better to use fishing line 0.2-0.22 mm . The hook is better #4 or #5 . A fish bite looks like a sharp jerk, but this only happens if a large fish has landed. Then all your fishing skills will be required.

On the Volga, peled fishing is carried out using a bridle, an ordinary meter-long rod with a fishing line from 2.5 to 4 m . Several such marriages are used. They go into the water further from the shore and make the water cloudy. The fish are attracted by this, and they rush towards this mud, hoping for prey. Seeing the bait, he grabs it. At this moment, a careful but sharp hook is required. The bait will gradually be carried away by the current and you will need to constantly reel it in, and then even climb a few steps upstream.

For bait, use an ordinary earthworm, chopped shellfish, mosquito or bloodworm meat. Maggot is rarely used. No bait required. Sometimes they use a jig. The bait should be kept at a distance of half a meter to a meter from the bottom; these are the favorite depths of peled habitat.

Catching peled in summer with a fishing rod, video:

Features of winter fishing

Peled is not a fastidious fish; it does not require excess oxygen, so in winter it easily tolerates its lack under the ice.
But the longer the winter, the more difficult it is for the fish to feed themselves. At this time, it rushes into the upper layers under the very ice. Any bait at this time is the key to successful fishing. Peled are caught with a regular fishing rod and jig. Live bait is not needed. Considering the shyness of the fish, you should catch it by equipping a shaded hole. To do this, rollers are built from snow around the hole. The height must be at least a meter to completely hide the hole in the shade.

The bait is placed no deeper than 5 cm from the bottom edge of the ice. If there is no bite, you need to fish deeper or near the surface of the water. At this time, you should feed the fish with dry bloodworms. For his sake, the fish will rise from the depths, and active bites will begin.

Fish “Peled” photo and description

Latin name:

Coregonus peled
Other names:
cheese, cheese

Family:

Salmonidae
Genus:
Whitefish
Type:
freshwater
Lifestyle:
pelagic
Diet type:
semi-carnivorous
Habitat:
Arctic Ocean basin

Appearance:

PELED (Coregonus peled) or whitefish, is easily distinguished from other whitefish by its terminal mouth, the upper jaw of which is only slightly longer than the lower, and a large number of gill rakers (49-68). The color of the peled is darker than other whitefish; there are small black dots on the head and dorsal fin. Peled is a tall-bodied fish, sharply different from the elongated, runaway vendace, tugun and omul. Peled sizes are up to 40-55 cm, weight up to 2.5-3 kg, less often 4-5 kg.

Habitat and behavioral characteristics:

Peled inhabits lakes and rivers in northern Eurasia - from Mezen in the west to Kolyma in the east. It does not go to sea, only occasionally being caught in the slightly salty water of Kara Bay. If the omul is an anadromous whitefish, and the tugun is mainly river, then the peled can be called lake. As a rule, it avoids flowing waters, concentrating in flood lakes, oxbow lakes, and channels.

Lake and lake-river fish are able to reach the eastern Mezen river deltas of the Arctic Ocean. In the spring, with the rise of water, juveniles and adult peled disperse to feed in floodplain reservoirs - lakes, backwaters of the lower reaches and estuarine areas. As the water recedes, it flows into streams and rivers.

Due to its high plasticity and rapid growth rate, peled is widely acclimatized in lakes and reservoirs of Central Russia.

Reproduction:

Spawning - in the fall, during the freeze-up period, from September to December, in lakes, in places where springs emerge, and in rivers, on pebble soil. Fertility is 5-85 thousand eggs, up to 1.5 mm in diameter. Development from juvenile to adult lasts 6-7 months.

Peled also spawn in lakes. These features have made peled a desirable object for acclimatization in small lakes of pond fish farming. Recently, lakes in the north-west of our country, which previously had no fish except small non-commercial perch, have been stocked with peled. Peled has three forms: a relatively fast-growing river form, which lives in rivers and flood lakes and matures in the 3rd year of life; the usual lake form, which does not leave the lakes in which it was born, and the dwarf lake form, with suppressed growth, living in small lakes poor in food organisms. The dwarf lake form rarely reaches 500 g in weight, as a rule, it is much smaller.

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