Types of trout and how they differ from each other

Types and subspecies of trout

Types are divided into:

• Salmo - these include subspecies: Adriatic, Sevan, Amu Darya, Turkish flathead, brown trout (also has several subspecies), marbled, summer trout;

• Oncorhynchus - these include Arizona, golden, biwa trout, Clark's salmon, Mikizha;

• Salvelinus – this species includes American palia, big-headed loach, Dolly Varden, Lake cristome loach, silver loach.

What does trout look like?

The similarity between different types of trout, descriptions of which can be found in specialized literature, lies in the elongated shape of the body, which is slightly compressed from the sides. The head and mouth are medium in size, the eyes are small. Females are larger than males, but males have more teeth. Over time, their lower jaw may acquire a characteristic upward bend.

The scales of this fish are dense and small, and there are 2 fins on the back, one of which is the main fin and the other is the false one. It is also called the adipose fin. This feature is inherent not only to trout, but also to other species of the salmon family. y

The tail, as well as the fins (pectoral, abdominal and anal) are characterized by medium size.

Color depends on the species and habitat. In reservoirs with a light bottom, the fish most often has a silver color with an olive tint on the back and small black spots. If there is a peat or muddy bottom, its color acquires darker shades; River trout changes its color to a brighter one closer to spawning. The fish that lives in the stream has a brown body color, and the back and head are distinguished by a black tint. There are many red and black inclusions “scattered” throughout the body. This species is often called pied.

Rainbow trout (also called Far Eastern) has a light color. On its sides you can see a red-violet stripe, which is how it got its name.

Varieties

According to their habitat, the following types of trout are distinguished:

• brook trout;
• lake trout;
• river trout.
• sea

Only an experienced fisherman knows what differences exist between types of trout: the difference between sea and river trout lies not only in color, but also in body size and structural features. Lake specimens are larger in size than stream specimens.

Trout consists of 3 types of fish, which are distinguished from each other by their characteristic features. The genus of loaches includes:

1. Silver.
2. Ozerny.
3. Big-headed.
4. Malma.
5. Palia (American).

The genus of Pacific salmon (salmon family) consists of the following species:

1. Gila.
2. Sea golden trout.
3. Caucasian.
4. Biwa (sea).
5. Apache salmon.

The genus of noble salmon includes the following species:

1. Marble.
2. Ohridskaya.
3. Amur Darya.
4. Sevan.
5. Brown trout.
6. Flathead.
7. Adriatic.

Lifestyle

This fish chooses exceptionally clean habitats: fresh, cold springs with a transparent rocky bottom. Once a reservoir becomes polluted, trout are the first to die of all the underwater fauna. It follows that trout meat is environmentally friendly, and therefore healthy.

After spawning, the fish move down to the river beds and stay closer to the bottom. It feeds on minnows (small fish).

In summer, when the water warms up by more than 15°, schools stay at the mouths of rivers and springs, since the water temperature there is much lower.

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Individuals that have not reached half a kilo in weight are not predators and parasitize at the expense of their older relatives, feeding on their eggs. In addition, they feed on earthworms, which are washed out of the soil with rain.

Spawning

Females reach maturity around three years of age. At this time, she goes to the place where the eggs are laid. Unlike other fish that spawn in the spring, the spawning period for trout begins in the fall, not earlier than September, and can last until the beginning of winter. Sometimes fish lay eggs even in December.

Before she begins to spawn, the female prepares holes, which must be protected from predators and currents. Otherwise, the eggs will become easy prey. Having built the nest, the female begins the process of spawning. This usually happens after sunset. The eggs reach 4-5 mm in size and have a reddish-yellow color.

The fry do not appear soon, after 2-3 months, and at first they feed on the contents of the sac. As soon as the youngsters get stronger, they begin to hunt on their own. At first, the diet includes only plankton, then it becomes more varied.

The survival rate of the offspring depends on many factors: water temperature, the presence of predatory fish in the area, and destruction of clutches. The surviving babies grow quickly and reach 15 centimeters by the age of one year.

Diet

This is a very voracious fish. Eats all year. The amount of food eaten per day corresponds to 2/3 of its weight. When catching fish, it is important to know what trout eat: plankton, fry, insects, and crustaceans are part of its diet. As fish age, their appetites increase: they hunt small fish or eat younger relatives. Predators jump like flying fish above the water, which allows them to feast on winged insects. A lot of food gets into the water thanks to the wind. Grasshoppers, flies, and midges also form part of the fish’s diet.

What to do with trout caviar

The eggs of any type of trout are small, about 3 mm, and have a characteristic dark orange hue. Experienced housewives know how to properly salt caviar. It is better to salt caviar with added sugar. Home-salted caviar tastes better, but has a shorter shelf life, so it is better to store it in the freezer. This will not change the taste and quality of the product.

Breeding trout in fish farms

Rainbow trout feels good in artificially created conditions, which is why they are bred. All salmon are distinguished by tasty meat and the presence of a huge amount of vitamins and microelements. Rainbow trout are no exception.

Trout meat is especially valuable, so it is bred together with carp and other fish. First, trout are born in special fish farms, where they are fed to such a size that they can be released into open waters. In our reservoirs it is kept and fed to a size when it is caught and sent to the trading network. On these same reservoirs, paid fishing is organized, including trout. Trout fishing is a very interesting activity, which is why both sports fishermen and amateur fishermen come here. They not only fish, but also actively relax, for which all conditions have been created here.

Artificial trout farming is widely developed in European countries such as Denmark, Italy, France, etc. Every year they grow up to 170 thousand centners of this delicious and healthy fish. As for Russia, they began to grow it artificially quite recently. Fishing on paid reservoirs has also recently begun to be practiced.

If you seriously engage in such a business, then from each hectare of water surface you can realistically get up to 300 centners of rainbow trout. Unfortunately, everything is not so simple and without following technology nothing will work. Trout are very sensitive to the cleanliness and transparency of water, which will have to be maintained at the proper level.

Fishing Features

Where trout live there are cold and clean water reservoirs. Therefore, the spring season is suitable for fishing, before the water becomes cloudy from high water. Do not forget that during the spawning period, which mainly occurs in autumn, fishing is prohibited. In summer, due to the heat, the fish are not so active, so fishing will be successful only at night, in the morning or in the evening.

Since insects are part of the trout's diet, you can fish with a fly. Dung and earthworms, larvae of any insects, and maggots are optimal as bait. Corn, cheese, and small fish are also suitable for bait. Predators react to anything bright - use colorful, catchy baits.

In the summer, when the water warms up greatly, schools of trout flock to the mouths of rivers and springs, because they feel comfortable there. Therefore, knowing the places, large individuals can be caught with bare hands.

Trout habitats

Trout is a unique class that is able to exist in both fresh and salt water, easily and quickly getting used to a new habitat. One of the important criteria for this aristocratic fish is the purity of the water.

The places where she lives are very beautiful. Trout lives in a huge number of lakes and mountain streams in environmentally safe regions of Russia. The best lake trout, according to connoisseurs, swims on the Kola Peninsula, on Ladoga, on Onega and in Karelian reservoirs.

Where else can trout be found in Russia? Trout is a numerous type of fish, subspecies of which live in the Barents and White Sea basin. Where is trout found in Russia, in addition to the seas mentioned above:

• Baltic,
• Black,
• Caspian.

The fish lives in the basins of these seas, as well as in the north Atlantic Ocean. It lives all the way to the Cheshskaya Bay along the Belozersk and Barents coasts.

You can meet her in Luga, Neva, Narova and the Gulf of Finland. Some forms of brown trout are also found in Tver, Kirov, Pskov, Perm, Samara, Kaliningrad, Novgorod, Vologda, Ulyanovsk and in the northern part of the Orenburg region.

Cis-Caucasian trout, endangered due to reproduction problems, lives in the Caspian Sea basin. It is also possible to find it in the Samur and Terek rivers. Not so often, but so far I have come across a species on the Volga and the Urals. Previously, it was represented by a fairly large population in the territory from the Saratov region to the upper Volga.

Tackle

Depending on the fishing gear, we choose bait.

1. Fishing rod . If the fishing rod is a float, for fishing in the river it is better to use small crustaceans or their meat, or beetles of different shades. But it’s better to ask what the fish eat in this particular body of water.

Fish do not react to live bait in every body of water, so we carefully use worms, maggots, and bloodworms. Dynamic baits are better at attracting predators.

1. Spinning fishing . The throwing parameters of a fishing rod are important. A spinning rod with characteristics of 1.8 -2.4 meters in length and a dough of 0-8 grams is perfect.

To fish for trout, it is better to use non-inertial reels with thin, even fishing line up to 2500 cm and a diameter of up to 0.18 mm. In this case, silicone baits, wobblers, micro-oscillators, and spinners are used.

Where is trout found in Russia?

Trout is found in various bodies of water that are located closer to the north, as it prefers cool water. For example:

• In Lake Onega.
• In Lake Ladoga.
• In the lakes of Karelia.
• In the reservoirs of the Kola Peninsula.
• In the mountain lakes of the Caucasus.
• In paid reservoirs where it is bred artificially.

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What can you cook from trout?

Fish does not require long cooking. Lightly fried fish will retain all the nutritional elements in the product. It is unthinkable to imagine a feast without trout baked in the oven under a cheese-mayonnaise crust, stewed red delicacy fish meat with vegetables and herbs. Lightly salted fish will perfectly complement side dishes of potatoes and rice.

By eating meat of any type of trout at least once a week, you will reduce the likelihood of atherosclerosis, optimize brain function, improve memory, the product is rich in phosphorus, which is so useful for mental activity. In addition, the general condition of the body will improve, you will be full of strength, feel cheerful and light!